International Green Warrior Olympiad Class 9 Previous Year Papers

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Syllabus:

Clean Water and Sanitation

1. Water sources and quality: Sources of clean water (e.g., rivers, lakes, groundwater), water quality testing and monitoring, role of water treatment plants in ensuring safe drinking water
2. Sanitation and hygiene: Importance of proper sanitation and hygiene practices, safe disposal of waste and human excreta, role of handwashing in disease prevention
3. Waterborne diseases: Common waterborne diseases (e.g., cholera, diarrhoea), how waterborne diseases spread and impact public health, prevention through clean water and sanitation practices
4. Water conservation and efficiency: The water cycle and its importance, strategies for water conservation at home and in communities, technologies for efficient water use (e.g., low-flow fixtures)
5. Emerging technologies for clean water: Introduction to innovative water purification technologies, solar water purifiers, filtration systems, and water-purifying plants
6. Water and the environment: Impact of water pollution on ecosystems and biodiversity, case studies on polluted rivers and oceans, the role of communities in protecting water sources
7. Water pollution and treatment: Sources and types of water pollution (e.g., industrial, agricultural), effects of pollution on aquatic ecosystems and human health, wastewater treatment processes and their importance

Affordable and Clean Energy

1. Affordable and clean energy: Differentiating between clean and fossil fuel-based energy sources
2. Fossil fuels and their consequences: Understanding the environmental impact of fossil fuel use (coal, oil, natural gas), air and water pollution caused by fossil fuels, the role of carbon emissions in climate change
3. Alternative energy sources: Solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, hydro, tidal, wave, biofuel etc., sources of low-carbon energy, advantages of using renewable energy in a domestic setting (solar power, geothermal heat pumps, small wind systems)
4. Energy conservation and efficiency: Ways to conserve energy in daily life, benefits of conservation of energy. improving energy efficiency in homes, buildings, and industries can significantly reduce energy consumption. energy-efficient appliances, led lighting, and well-insulated buildings are examples of ways to achieve this.

Sustainable Cities and Communities

1. Sustainable water management: Introduction to sustainable water management, rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling, water reuse and recycling practices
2. Sustainable waste management: Encourage waste reduction, reuse of materials, and recycling to minimize waste generation
3. Environmental sustainability: Preserve green spaces, parks, and natural habitats to support biodiversity
4. Effects of urbanisation and sustainable urbanisation

Responsible Consumption and Production

1. Responsible technology consumption: The environmental and social consequences of electronics consumption, e-waste management and responsible disposal, strategies for extending the lifespan of electronic devices
2. The 5 r's: Reduce, reuse, recycle, repurpose, and refuse
3. Reducing energy consumption in daily life, The role of energy-efficient appliances
4. Making sustainable purchasing decisions

Climate Action

1. Introduction to climate change: Definition of climate change and global warming, evidence of climate change (e.g., temperature records, ice melt, sea-level rise)
2. Greenhouse effect and global warming: Understanding the greenhouse effect, role of greenhouse gases (e.g., carbon dioxide, methane), link between human activities and increased greenhouse gas concentrations
3. Impacts of climate change: Effects on weather patterns and extreme events, economic and social consequences of climate change, examples of climate change impacts
4. Mitigation and adaptation strategies: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions (mitigation), strategies for energy efficiency and renewable energy, climate adaptation measures and resilience building
5. Climate change solutions at the individual level: Sustainable lifestyle choices, reducing carbon footprint in daily life

Life Below Water

1. Preserving life below water: Reduce marine pollution, protect and restore ecosystems, reduce ocean acidification, practice sustainable fishing, conserve coastal and marine areas etc.
2. Sustainable fisheries and aquaculture: Sustainable fishing practices, responsible aquaculture and fish farming, overfishing and bycatch
3. Threats to life underwater: Addressing threats like climate change, debris, dead zones, toxic spills, overfishing, shoreline development, coastal erosion, ocean acidification

Life On Land

1. Protect, restore, and promote the sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems: Managing forests sustainably, combating desertification, restoring degraded land and soil, halting biodiversity loss, protecting threatened species
2. Forest ecosystems and their importance: Introduction to forest ecosystems (temperate, tropical, boreal), role of forests in carbon storage and climate regulation, deforestation and its impacts

Food Security and Agriculture

1. Food choices and sustainable eating: The environmental impact of food choices, sustainable diets and the benefits of local, seasonal foods, reducing food waste and practicing mindful eating
2. Food waste reduction: The global problem of food waste, strategies for reducing food waste
3. Sustainable agriculture and land use: Sustainable farming practices (e.g., organic, agroecology), role of regenerative agriculture in soil health, urban agriculture and community gardens
4. Promoting farming systems that use climate-smart techniques and produce a diverse mix of foods
5. Improving supply chains to reduce post-harvest food losses
6. Implementing resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and production

Sample Paper Marking Scheme Free Study Material

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Q.1	You're a wildlife conservationist working in the Himalayas, where a dwindling snow leopard population faces new challenges. Human encroachment has forced wolves into higher altitudes, overlapping with the leopards' territory, while climate change is shrinking their habitat due to melting glaciers. You propose a conservation plan to address these challenges. Which of the following options is/are the effective and sustainable long-term solution(s), considering ecological balance and ethical implications? 1. Prioritise eliminating the wolf threat to restore the leopards' competitive advantage. 2. Lobby for stricter regulations on human activities near snow leopard habitat. 3. Invest in renewable energy sources to combat climate change. 4. Develop captive breeding programs to supplement dwindling wild populations.
	a) Only 1 and 4		b) Only 2 and 3
	c) Only 1, 2 and 3		d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q.2	During a science fair, a student presented a project on the impact of wildfires on climate change. They highlighted that wildfires release vast amounts of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide into the atmosphere as shown in the table given below. What inference can be made from this presentation? 1. Wildfires can act as a positive feedback loop, contributing to further warming and potentially more frequent fires. 2. Wildfires are primarily responsible for the rising levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. 3. All wildfires should be suppressed to prevent any carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide emissions. 4. The release of greenhouse gases from wildfires is balanced by the absorption of carbon dioxide by new plant growth. Greenhouse Gas Amount Before Wildfire (tons) Amount Released by Wildfire (tons) Increase (%) Carbon Dioxide (CO2) 30,00,000 10,00,000 33.33% Methane (CH4) 1,00,000 50,000 50% Nitrous Oxide (N2O) 10,000 5,000 50%
	a) Only 1		b) Only 2 and 3
	c) Only 1, 2 and 3		d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q.3	A family living in a region with abundant clean hydropower is considering replacing their ageing gas oven with a new electric model. However, they are concerned about the overall environmental impact of each option. Analyse the following data table and choose the most likely outcome of switching to electric based on environmental considerations. Factor Gas Oven Electric Oven Fuel source Natural gas Hydropower Greenhouse gas emissions (per kWh) 0.4 kg CO2e 0.05 kg CO2e Energy efficiency 70% 85% Manufacturing emissions Low Moderate
	a) The outcome depends on the specific cooking habits and energy consumption of the family.		b) Both options contribute similar amounts of greenhouse gasses and the choice is negligible in terms of environmental impact.
	c) The gas oven will likely have a lower overall ecological footprint due to lower manufacturing emissions and electric oven will have higher.		d) The electric oven will definitely have a lower overall ecological footprint and the gas oven will have higher.

Q.4	An individual is trying to reduce their carbon footprint through their diet. Which action would have the most significant impact on reducing carbon emissions?
	a) Choosing locally sourced fruits and vegetables over imported ones.		b) Consuming organic meats instead of conventionally raised meats.
	c) Opting for packaged vegetarian convenience foods.		d) Eating seafood exclusively sourced from sustainable fisheries.

Q.5	A city is expanding its wastewater treatment infrastructure to improve the quality of treated water released into the environment. As part of this development, engineers and environmental experts are reviewing the different stages of wastewater treatment to ensure the most effective processing of sewage. In the wastewater treatment process, which stage involves the breakdown of organic matter by microorganisms in the absence of oxygen?
	a) Primary treatment		b) Secondary treatment
	c) Tertiary treatment		d) Anaerobic digestion

Q.6	Consider the following statements and choose the correct option: 1. Debris accumulation in oceans primarily consists of organic waste, which enhances marine biodiversity by providing habitats for various species. 2. Sustainable aquaculture involves utilising antibiotics to control diseases and enhance fish growth in farms. 3. Coastal development and shoreline alterations significantly impact marine habitats or disrupt the natural flow of sediments in coastal areas. 4. Overfishing contributes to the creation of dead zones due to the imbalance in marine ecosystems caused by the removal of certain fish species.
	a) Statements 1 and 2 are correct but statements 3 and 4 are incorrect.		b) Statements 1 and 2 are incorrect but statements 3 and 4 are correct.
	c) Statements 2 and 4 are incorrect but statements 1 and 3 are correct.		d) Statements 1 and 3 are incorrect but statements 2 and 4 are correct.

Q.7	You and your friends enjoy a delicious pizza lunch, packed with toppings like pepperoni, cheese, and pineapple. Later, while scrolling through social media, you come across a post highlighting the environmental impact of meat production. This sparks a conversation about your food choices and how they might affect the planet. Considering the environmental footprints of your pizza toppings, which topping likely had the highest emissions associated with its production? 1. Pepperoni 2. Cheese 3. Pineapple
	a) Only 1		b) Only 2
	c) Only 3		d) 1, 2 and 3

Q.8	Dylan is considering buying a new smartphone. He knows that smartphones have a short lifespan and contribute to e-waste. He finds a company that offers a phone made with recycled materials and ethical sourcing practices. Compared to a conventional phone, how would this choice impact Dylan's environmental footprint?
	a) It would only slightly lessen his environmental impact, as smartphone production is inherently resource-intensive.		b) It would significantly reduce his e-waste generation and support ethical labour practices.
	c) It would have a negligible effect, as the majority of the environmental impact comes from smartphone usage.		d) It would increase his footprint due to the higher production cost and potential for shorter lifespan.

Q.9	You are troubleshooting a high electricity bill and notice that even when all appliances are turned off, the energy meter is still registering a small amount of power usage. This phenomenon is known as a vampire load. What is the main reason why vampire loads occur in most appliances?
	a) Appliances are not properly grounded, which causes them to leak electricity.		b) Appliances continue to draw a small amount of power even when they are turned off.
	c) Appliances are designed to be constantly turned on, so they use more energy when they are off.		d) Appliances are not properly connected to power outlets, which causes them to malfunction.

Q.10	A group of students studying ecology in a temperate forest notices a sharp decline in the local frog population. They discover that a new housing development has encroached upon a wetland area that was once home to a diverse array of amphibians. What is the likely consequence of the wetland habitat loss on the surrounding forest ecosystem?
	a) Disruption of food webs and energy flow, potentially impacting other animal populations.		b) An imbalance in the nitrogen cycle as frogs play a vital role in decomposing organic matter.
	c) Enhanced soil fertility and plant growth due to nutrient-rich runoff from the development.		d) Increased insect populations due to the absence of natural predators like frogs.

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