Solved Questions on Properties of Materials
1. In an experiment, a material is found to be non-lustrous and a poor conductor of electricity. This material is most likely:
a) Gold
b) Wood
c) Aluminum
d) Diamond
Answer: b) Wood is a non-lustrous material and a poor conductor of electricity, making it the most likely choice.
2. A student mixes oil and vinegar together and notices that the oil forms droplets that float on the surface of the vinegar. What best describes the behaviour of the oil and vinegar mixture?
a) The oil and vinegar have formed a solution.
b) The oil and vinegar have undergone a chemical reaction.
c) The oil and vinegar are immiscible liquids.
d) The oil and vinegar have evaporated.
Answer: c) Oil and vinegar do not mix well together and form separate layers, indicating that they are immiscible liquids.
3. Jake placed a metal spoon and a wooden spoon in a container filled with water. What is the expected outcome?
a) Both spoons will float.
b) Both spoons will sink.
c) The metal spoon will float, and the wooden spoon will sink.
d) The metal spoon will sink, and the wooden spoon will float.
Answer: d) Metal is denser than water, so the metal spoon will sink. Wood is less dense than water, so the wooden spoon will float.
4. Match the following material properties with their corresponding descriptions.
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Column I
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Column II
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1. Conductivity
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A) Mass per unit volume
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2. Transparency
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B) Shiny appearance
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3. Density
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C) Ability to dissolve in a solvent
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4. Solubility
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D) Ability to conduct electricity or heat
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5. Luster
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E) Ability to allow light to pass through
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a) 1:B, 2:D, 3:C, 4:A, 5:E
b) 1:C, 2:E, 3:D, 4:A, 5:B
c) 1:A, 2:B, 3:C, 4:D, 5:E
d) 1:D, 2:E, 3:A, 4:C, 5:B
Answer: d) Conductivity: Ability to conduct electricity or heat.
Transparency: Ability to allow light to pass through.
Density: Mass per unit volume.
Solubility: Ability to dissolve in a solvent.
Lustre: Shiny appearance.
5. A person wants to build a greenhouse and needs a material that allows sunlight to pass through but minimizes heat loss. Which material would be the best option?
a) Wood
b) Brick
c) Glass
d) Plastic
Answer: c) Glass is a transparent material that allows sunlight to enter the greenhouse, providing the necessary light for plant growth. It also has the property of being a good insulator, which helps to minimize heat loss.
FAQs
1. What Are the Basic Properties of Materials?
The basic properties of materials include hardness, flexibility, durability and conductivity.
2. Do Temperature and Pressure Affect Materials?
Yes, changes in temperature and pressure can alter a material's flexibility, strength, and other properties.
3. Can Materials Change Over Time?
Yes, materials can change, often weakening, due to factors like weathering and chemical reactions.
4. How Do Scientists Test Material Properties?
Scientists experiment with materials by bending, heating, and applying pressure to better understand their characteristics.
5. What's the Difference Between Natural and Synthetic Materials?
Natural materials, such as stone and wood, are found in the natural world, whereas synthetic materials, such as plastic, are created by people.
