Human Body - Class 1 Notes & Olympiad Questions

Human body Parts and Their Function

The human body is a fascinating thing! It's like a big machine made up of many different parts that all work together to help us move, think, see, and stay alive. These parts are broadly categorized as the sense organs, external organs and internal organs.

Sense Organs of Human Body

Our sense organs are like special tools that help us experience the world around us. We have five main sense organs, and each one helps us understand different things. These are:

Eyes: Our eyes help us see. We can see all the beautiful things around us because of our eyes!

Ears: Our ears help us hear. With our ears, we can enjoy all kinds of sounds, like birds chirping or our favourite songs.

Nose: Our nose helps us smell. When we breathe in through our nose, we can smell different things around us, like flowers, food, and other unpleasant smells also.

Tongue: Our tongue helps us taste. When we eat, our tongue helps us figure out if something is sweet, salty, sour, or bitter. That's why we can tell if an apple is sweet or if a lemon is sour.

Skin: Our skin helps us touch and feel things. Our skin can feel things that are soft, rough, hot, or cold. Our skin helps us experience the world through touch. All these sense organs work together to help us understand and enjoy the world around us.

External Organs of Human Body

The external organs of our body are the parts that we can see and touch on the outside. They help us do different things and protect our bodies. Some important external organs are:

Head: Our head is where our brain is. Also, this is where our sense organs like eyes, nose, ears and tongue are present.

Neck: The neck is the part that connects our head to the rest of our body. Our neck is flexible, which means it can move our head in different directions. We can turn our head to look left and right, up and down, or tilt it to the side.

Back: Our back is like a strong pillar that holds our body upright. It helps us stand tall and sit straight.

Arms and Hands: We use our arms and hands to pick things up, hold things, and do many activities. Our hands have fingers, which we use for grasping and feeling things. We can write, draw, and play games with our hands.

Legs and Feet: Our legs and feet help us walk, run, jump, and balance. Our legs have big muscles called thighs, and our feet have toes that help us stand and move around.

Skin: Our skin covers our whole body like a protective layer. It's the largest organ we have. Our skin helps keep our bodies safe and warm. It is also a sense organ and helps us feel things like touch, heat, and cold.

Hair: Our hair grows on our heads and all over our bodies. Hair helps to protect our skin and keep our heads warm. It also comes in different colours, textures, and styles, making everyone look unique.

All of these external organs are very important, and we should take good care of them.

Internal Organs of Human Body

Internal organs are parts of our body that are inside us and we can't see them from the outside. They do important jobs to help keep us healthy and alive. Some of the main internal organs are:

Brain: The brain is like a supercomputer that controls everything we do. It's located inside our heads. The brain helps us think, learn, remember, and feel emotions. It also controls our movements and helps us see, hear, smell, and taste things.

Heart: The heart is like a pump that keeps our blood flowing. It's located in the middle of our chest. The heart pumps blood to all parts of our body and delivers oxygen and nutrients that our body needs to function properly.

Lungs: The lungs are like big balloons in our chest. We breathe air in and out through our lungs. The lungs help us breathe and get oxygen into our bodies. When we inhale, our lungs take in fresh air, and when we exhale, they release carbon dioxide, which is a waste product.

Stomach: The stomach is like a bag inside our belly. When we eat, the food goes into our stomachs. The stomach breaks down the food into smaller pieces and mixes it with special juices to help with digestion.

Liver: The liver is a big organ located in our upper belly. It helps filter our blood and remove harmful substances. It also produces important chemicals that our body needs for digestion.

Intestines: We have two types of intestines - the small intestine and the large intestine.
The small intestine is like a long tube, and it absorbs all the nutrients from the food we eat. The large intestine is wider and helps get rid of the waste that our body doesn't need.

Kidneys: We have two kidneys, one on each side of our body. They are like filters that clean our blood by removing waste and extra water.