Adjective for Class 7

What are Adjectives?

Adjectives are words that describe or alter nouns (people, places, objects, or ideas) in order to convey additional information. They help us grasp the words better by describing their size, colour, shape, number or other characteristics.

For example, I am waiting for my favourite author to launch her new novel soon.

Types of Adjectives

1. Adjective of Quality: describe the characteristics or qualities of a noun. For example, The brave soldier rescued the people from the flood.

2. Distributive Adjectives: describe individual members of a group, one at a time. For example, I have every flower among these in my garden.

3. Interrogative Adjective: use to ask questions about nouns. For example, Which author do you prefer to read tonight?

4. Adjective of Numbers: tell us how many or in what order something or someone appears. For example, I am the sixth person in line.

5. Demonstrative Adjectives: help to point out or identify a specific noun (a person, place, or thing). For example, I have made these cookies.

6. Adjectives of Quantity: describe the amount or quantity of a noun in a sentence. For example, Several students scored well in maths test this time.

Degree of Comparison

Adjectives can be used to compare the characteristics, amounts, and numbers of nouns and pronouns. This comparison can be made in three ways, which we refer to as Degrees of Comparison. “Positive degree”, “comparative degree” and “superlative degree” are three kinds of degrees of comparison.

Example:

→ Shelly is a bright student. (positive degree)
→ Susan is a brighter student than Shelly. (comparative degree)
→ Samy is the brightest of all the three girls. (superlative degree)

Formation of Comparatives and Superlatives:

Forming comparative degrees by adding “-er” and their superlative degree by adding “-est” to the positive.

When the positive ends in “-e” we add only “-r” and “-st” to form comparative and superlative degrees.

When the positive ends in “y”, and has a consonant immediately before it, the “y” is changed into “I” before adding “-er” and “-est”. But if the “y” has a vowel before it, it will not change into “i”.

When single-syllabic adjectives ending in a consonant preceded by a short vowel add – “er” and “est” after doubling the last consonant.

When many adjectives of two syllables and all adjectives of more than two syllables form their comparatives by adding “more” and their superlatives by adding “most”.

Irregular Comparisons