Information Retrieval for Class 10

What is Information Retrieval?

Information retrieval refers to the process of obtaining relevant information from a large repository or database. It involves searching for and retrieving specific information that matches a user's information needs.

Broadly speaking, texts are of three types:

Literary texts: Literary texts refer to written works that are considered artistic expressions of language, creativity and imagination. These texts are often characterised by their use of literary devices, such as metaphor, symbolism, and irony, and are crafted with an emphasis on aesthetic and emotional impact.

Factual or informative texts: Factual texts are written pieces of information that present facts, details, and objective content without expressing personal opinions or emotions. These texts aim to provide accurate and verifiable information on a specific topic.

Persuasive texts: Persuasive texts are written pieces that aim to convince or persuade the reader to adopt a particular point of view or take a specific action. The primary goal is to influence the reader's opinions, attitudes, or behaviours.

Tips to Solve Information Retrieval Questions

→ Read the questions first to get an idea about the text.
→ Read the text as fast as possible.
→ Engage with the text to comprehend it.
→ Mark important lines or parts of the text to answer the questions. It will also help to understand the main idea of the text or the tone or mood of the author.
→ Try to translate a difficult line into a simple one using your own words and language. This will aid you in analysing the main idea of the text.
→ By thoroughly reading the line, you should be able to understand some of the unfamiliar words. The line's theme will help you understand what the words mean.
→ Try to determine the main idea, tone or mood, inferential reasoning, and other details from the text.
→ Make no assumptions based on your personal beliefs.
→ When in doubt, refer back to the text.

Examples of Information Retrieval

I. Direction (for questions 1-5): Read the poem given below and answer the questions that follow:

Amidst the shadows, where silence weaves
A tapestry of memories untold,
The moonlight whispers through the leaves,
A secret tale of nights of old.

Beneath the cloak of starry skies,
Where dreams take flight on wings of time,
A lonesome owl with haunting eyes,
Sings verses of a muted rhyme.

The river's song, a soft refrain,
Echoes through the mystic glade,
As whispers of the ancient rain,
Tell stories that will never fade.

In twilight's grasp, the flowers sigh,
Their petals bathed in silver glow,
As fleeting moments swiftly fly,
Like shooting stars that come and go.

So, dance with shadows in the night,
Embrace the silence, pure and deep,
For in the hush, a world takes flight,
Where dreams and memories softly creep.

1. What is the central theme of the poem?

a) love
b) nature and Memories
c) dreams
d) silence

Answer: b) Nature and Memories

2. What is the moonlight doing in the poem?

a) weaving memories
b) whistling through the leaves
c) revealing secrets
d) creating a cloak of stars

Answer: a) Weaving memories

3. What is the owl doing in the poem?

a) telling ancient stories
b) singing a muted rhyme
c) haunting the glade
d) flying with wings of time

Answer: b) Singing a muted rhyme

4. What is the river's song compared to in the poem?

a) a soft refrain
b) the ancient rain
c) mystic glade
d) stories that fade

Answer: a) a soft refrain

5. How are the flowers described in the twilight?

a) bathed in golden glow
b) sighing with petals closed
c) dancing with shadows
d) bathed in a silver glow

Answer: d) bathed in a silver glow

II. Direction (for questions 6-10): Read the article given below and answer the questions that follow:

In the vast expanse of the cosmos, where stars twinkle like distant diamonds, lies a profound mystery that has captivated astronomers for centuries. Dark matter, an elusive substance that neither emits, absorbs, nor reflects light, comprises approximately 85% of the total mass in the universe. Despite its pervasive influence on the cosmic tapestry, dark matter remains undetectable by conventional means, leaving scientists to rely on indirect evidence and intricate theoretical frameworks.

Researchers postulate that dark matter interacts solely through gravity, exerting its unseen pull on galaxies and clusters of galaxies. This gravitational dance shapes the large-scale structure of the universe, weaving an invisible web that guides the motion of celestial bodies. The enigmatic nature of dark matter has sparked numerous theories and experiments aimed at unravelling its secrets, yet its elusiveness persists, challenging the limits of our understanding.

In recent years, advancements in astrophysical instrumentation and observational techniques have shed light on the complex interplay between visible matter and the enigmatic dark matter. High-powered telescopes and sophisticated detectors have allowed scientists to map the gravitational lensing effects caused by dark matter, providing glimpses into its distribution across the cosmic landscape. These discoveries represent crucial steps toward deciphering the hidden language of the universe, a language written in the gravitational whispers of the elusive dark matter.

6. What is the approximate percentage of dark matter in the total mass of the universe?

a) 15%
b) 50%
c) 85%
d) 95%

Answer: c)

7. How does dark matter interact with light?

a) emits light
b) absorbs light
c) reflects light
d) none of the above

Answer: d)

8. What force is primarily responsible for the interactions of dark matter?

a) electromagnetic force
b) nuclear force
c) gravity
d) strong force

Answer: c)

9. What is the impact of dark matter on the large-scale structure of the universe?

a) It causes explosions.
b) It creates visible patterns in the sky.
c) It shapes the large-scale structure through gravitational interactions.
d) It does not influence the universe's structure.

Answer: c)

10. What recent advancements have contributed to understanding the distribution of dark matter?

a) biological experiments
b) advances in computer programming
c) astrophysical instrumentation and observational techniques
d) social science research

Answer: c)