An industrial plant discharges small amounts of a persistent heavy metal (mercury) into a river. Over time, predatory fish at the top of the river's food chain accumulate lethal levels of mercury in their tissues. What are the dual processes driving this phenomenon?

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• A Eutrophication and subsequent deoxygenation.
• B Leaching and surface runoff.
• C Bioaccumulation within individuals and biomagnification up the food chain.
• D Nitrification and nitrogen fixation.

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