Data Handling for Class 5

Data Handling

Data is often conveyed through visual means such as tables, images, bars and diagrams. Data handling utilizes visual representations like images, bars or figures to enhance our understanding of numerical data.

Data handling serves as the collection of raw information which forms the basis from which statistics are derived. Statistics represent the outcomes of data which includes the processes of interpretation and presentation.

Types of Data

Data is classified into two types:

1. Quantitative Data: Data that gives numerical information. For example: height of students of grade 5. 
2. Qualitative Data: Data that gives descriptive information about anything. For example: blood types.

Various types of graphical representations

Different types of graphical representations are as follows:

1. Pictographs
2. Bar graphs
3. Pie charts
4. Line graphs

Pictograph

A pictograph is a visual representation for illustrating data through images. Each image within a pictograph symbolizes specific information. It conveys data frequencies by employing images or symbols that relate to the data.

Example: The given pictograph shows the number of gas cylinders sold by a vendor in five days.

What is the total number of gas cylinders sold by a vendor in all five days?

a) 125
b) 175
c) 225
d) 275

Answer: b) 175

Explanation: Total number of gas cylinders sold by a vendor in all five days
= 7 × (6 + 4 + 7 + 3 + 5)
= 7 × 25
= 175

Pie chart

A pie chart is a type of graph that represents the data in a circular graph.

Example: The pie chart shows the marks obtained by a student in an examination in the decimal number system. What are the marks scored in mathematics if the student secures 1080 marks in all subjects?

a) 338 marks
b) 358 marks
c) 378 marks
d) 398 marks

Answer: c) 378 marks

Explanation: Marks secured in mathematics
= Decimal number × Total score secured in mathematics
= 0.35× 1080
= 378 marks

Bar graph

A bar graph is a visual representation of data, quantities or numerical values using bars (or rectangles). Its primary purpose is to facilitate the comparison of various data types.  It is also called a column graph.

Example: The bar graph given below shows the marks scored by students of a class.

What is the number of students who scored more than 73 marks?

a) 25
b) 50
c) 75
d) 85

Answer: c) 75

Explanation: Number of students who scored more than 73 marks
= 5 + 20 + 5 + 5 + 15 + 25 = 75

Line graph

A line graph is a visual representation of data that illustrates the connection between various points through a continuous line which shows the relationship between these points. It is constructed by connecting data points with line segments. It is also called a line chart or a line plot.

Example: The given line graph shows the number of magazines students have.

What is the fraction of the number of magazines Lee had to the number of magazines Evola had?  

a) 3/5
b) 5/3
c) 5/6
d) 6/5

Answer: c) 5/6

Explanation: Fraction of the number of magazines Lee had to the number of magazines Evola had = 25/30
                                                                                                                                                               = 5/6